Agronomic characterization of Panicum miliaceum focusing on grain and ethanol production in subtropical conditions.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r246.v12.2026Keywords:
Forage, raw material, biofuels, nutritional quality, dietary fiber, production chains, bird feed, substrate for beer maltingAbstract
Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) stands out for its wide versatility of use, being employed in human food, in the formulation of animal feed. this study aimed to evaluate and characterize the agronomic performance of millet cultivation, as well as to compare different sowing times, in order to understand the effects of these conditions on the development, productive components, and utilization potential of the crop. The study was conducted in 2025 in the municipality of Ijuí- RS. The experiment was conducted in an internal block design, with the treatment factor being the different sowing times. This species has high potential for both grain production and ethanol generation, making it a promising alternative in diversified production systems. The cultivation of millet at different sowing times showed that the crop is highly sensitive to environmental variations, reflected in significant differences in the agronomic characteristics evaluated. Additionally, the emergence speed index exerted a strong influence on these characteristics, indicating that crop development is directly associated with the establishment of plants with greater initial vigor. Expressing adaptation to the winter and spring transition conditions in subtropical environments, it reveals a short cycle and productive potential in Rio Grande do Sul with an emphasis on agronomic and environmental sustainability.
Downloads
References
Alvares, C. A., Stape, J. L., Sentelhas, P. C., Gonçalves, J. L. M., & Sparovek, G. (2013). Köppen's climate classification map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 22(6), 711–728. https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507
Barata, G. C., Tejo, D. P., Takane, R. J., Pedro Junior, S., & Faria, R. T. (2024). Germination of chief fire seeds cockscomb cultivar under saline stress conditions induced by sodium chloride. Agronomy Science and Biotechnology, 10, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r213.v10.2024
Carvalho, I. R., Carvalho, I. R., Portela, J. N., Garmatz, G. L., Loro, M. V., Foleto, E. E., Zuse, G. H., Broch, J. D., Broch, F., & Severo, L. E. (2024). Quality of BRS kurumi ensilage associated with different additives. Agronomy Science and Biotechnology, 10, 1-8 https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r220.v10.2024
FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT. (2025). Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. Accessed at: August 08, 2025.
Habiyaremye, C., Matanguihan, J. B., Guedes, J. D´A., Ganjyal, G. M., Whiterman, M.R., Kidwell, K. K., & Murphy, K. M. (2016). Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) and its potential for cultivation in the Pacific Northwest, U.S.: A review. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01961
Kothari, S. L., Kumar, S., Vishnoi, R. K, Kothari A., & Watanabe, K. N. (2005). Applications of biotechnology for improvement of millet crops: Review of progress and future prospects. Plant Biotechnology, 22(2), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.81
NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration. (2025). Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (POWER) Data Access Viewer. Available in: https://power.larc.nasa.gov
Oliveira, C. F., Souza, J. E., Siqueira, M. J. S., Silva Júnior, A. C., Ferreira, R. P., Vilela, D., & Cruz, C. D. (2023). Selection of alfalfa genotypes for dry matter yield and persistence with repeated measures. Agronomy Science and Biotechnology, 9, 1-14 https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r177.v9.2023
Olivoto, T., & Lúcio, A. D. (2020). Metan: an R package for multi-environment trial analysis. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 11(6), 783–789. https://publons.com/publon/10.1111/2041-210X.13384
Pradebon, L. C., Carvalho, I. R., Loro, M. V., Colet, C. F., Silva, J. A. G. Hoffmann, J. F., Foscarini, S. C., & Ziembowicz, J. E. (2024). Contrast between Brazil and other countries in nutraceutical componentes of Camelina sativa grains. Agronomy Science and Biotechnology, 10, 1-14 https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r201.v10.2024
R CORE TEAM. (2025). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
Rose, D. J., & Santra, D. K. (2013). Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) fermentation for fuel ethanol production. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, 602-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.08.010
Scarton, V. D. B., Carvalho, I. R., Bandeira, W. J. A., Pradebon, L, C., Bruinsma, G. M. W., Loro, M. V., & Sangiovo, J. P. (2024). Heritability and additive breeding value in sheep obtained through industrial crossing. Agronomy Science and Biotechnology, 10, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.33158/ASB.r216.v10.2024
Vetriventhan, M., & Upadhyaya, H. D. (2018) Diversity and trait-specific sources for productivity and nutritional traits in the global proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) germplasm collection. The Crop Journal, 6(5), 451-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2018.04.002
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Agronomy Science and Biotechnology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
